"drof" meaning in All languages combined

See drof on Wiktionary

Adjective [Middle English]

Forms: drove [alternative]
Etymology: From Old English drōf, from Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|enm|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|enm|ang|drōf}} Old English drōf, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*drōbī|t=disturbed, cloudy, troubled}} Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”) Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective||{{{1}}}||{{{2}}}||{{{comp2}}}||{{{3}}}||{{{sup2}}}|f3l=|f5l=|head=}} drof, {{enm-adj}} drof
  1. Troubled, disturbed; afflicted by sorrow.
    Sense id: en-drof-enm-adj-9RN~MDia
  2. (of water) having sediment stirred up; murky, turbid.
    Sense id: en-drof-enm-adj-RhLHxy~r Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Water Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 14 86 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 9 91 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 95 Disambiguation of Water: 10 90
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: dref

Adjective [Old English]

IPA: /droːf/
Rhymes: -oːf Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”). Etymology templates: {{dercat|ang|gem-pro|inh=1}}, {{inh|ang|gmw-pro|*drōbī|t=disturbed, cloudy, troubled}} Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”) Head templates: {{ang-adj|drōf}} drōf Inflection templates: {{ang-adecl|drōf}} Forms: drōf [canonical], strong [table-tags], drōf [masculine, nominative, singular], drōf [feminine, nominative, singular], drōf [neuter, nominative, singular], drōfne [accusative, masculine, singular], drōfe [accusative, feminine, singular], drōf [accusative, neuter, singular], drōfes [genitive, masculine, singular], drōfre [feminine, genitive, singular], drōfes [genitive, neuter, singular], drōfum [dative, masculine, singular], drōfre [dative, feminine, singular], drōfum [dative, neuter, singular], drōfe [instrumental, masculine, singular], drōfre [feminine, instrumental, singular], drōfe [instrumental, neuter, singular], drōfe [masculine, nominative, plural], drōfa [feminine, nominative, plural], drōfe [feminine, nominative, plural], drōf [neuter, nominative, plural], drōfe [accusative, masculine, plural], drōfa [accusative, feminine, plural], drōfe [accusative, feminine, plural], drōf [accusative, neuter, plural], drōfra [genitive, masculine, plural], drōfra [feminine, genitive, plural], drōfra [genitive, neuter, plural], drōfum [dative, masculine, plural], drōfum [dative, feminine, plural], drōfum [dative, neuter, plural], drōfum [instrumental, masculine, plural], drōfum [feminine, instrumental, plural], drōfum [instrumental, neuter, plural], weak [table-tags], drōfa [masculine, nominative, singular], drōfe [feminine, nominative, singular], drōfe [neuter, nominative, singular], drōfan [accusative, masculine, singular], drōfan [accusative, feminine, singular], drōfe [accusative, neuter, singular], drōfan [genitive, masculine, singular], drōfan [feminine, genitive, singular], drōfan [genitive, neuter, singular], drōfan [dative, masculine, singular], drōfan [dative, feminine, singular], drōfan [dative, neuter, singular], drōfan [instrumental, masculine, singular], drōfan [feminine, instrumental, singular], drōfan [instrumental, neuter, singular], drōfan [masculine, nominative, plural], drōfan [feminine, nominative, plural], drōfan [neuter, nominative, plural], drōfan [accusative, masculine, plural], drōfan [accusative, feminine, plural], drōfan [accusative, neuter, plural], drōfra [genitive, masculine, plural], drōfena [genitive, masculine, plural], drōfra [feminine, genitive, plural], drōfena [feminine, genitive, plural], drōfra [genitive, neuter, plural], drōfena [genitive, neuter, plural], drōfum [dative, masculine, plural], drōfum [dative, feminine, plural], drōfum [dative, neuter, plural], drōfum [instrumental, masculine, plural], drōfum [feminine, instrumental, plural], drōfum [instrumental, neuter, plural]
  1. draffy, dreggy, dirty, troubled Derived forms: drōflīċ Related terms: drēfan
    Sense id: en-drof-ang-adj-mpp9DZbh Categories (other): Old English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "droff"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
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      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
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        "3": "drōf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English drōf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drōbī",
        "t": "disturbed, cloudy, troubled"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English drōf, from Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drove",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "10": "{{{3}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{sup2}}}",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{comp2}}}",
        "9": "",
        "f3l": "",
        "f5l": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "drof",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "drof",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dref"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Troubled, disturbed; afflicted by sorrow."
      ],
      "id": "en-drof-enm-adj-9RN~MDia",
      "links": [
        [
          "Troubled",
          "troubled"
        ],
        [
          "disturbed",
          "disturbed"
        ],
        [
          "sorrow",
          "sorrow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 91",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Water",
          "orig": "enm:Water",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "having sediment stirred up; murky, turbid."
      ],
      "id": "en-drof-enm-adj-RhLHxy~r",
      "links": [
        [
          "murky",
          "murky"
        ],
        [
          "turbid",
          "turbid"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water) having sediment stirred up; murky, turbid."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "drof"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "droff"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "drof"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "droff"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "drove"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "droff"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "dref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drōbī",
        "t": "disturbed, cloudy, troubled"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfne",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfne",
          "drofne#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfes",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfes",
          "drofes#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfre",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfre",
          "drofre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfes",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfes",
          "drofes#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfre",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfre",
          "drofre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfre",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfre",
          "drofre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfa",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfa",
          "drofa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfa",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfa",
          "drofa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfa",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfa",
          "drofa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfena",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfena",
          "drofena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfena",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfena",
          "drofena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfena",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfena",
          "drofena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drōf"
      },
      "expansion": "drōf",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drōf"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "drōflīċ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "draffy, dreggy, dirty, troubled"
      ],
      "id": "en-drof-ang-adj-mpp9DZbh",
      "links": [
        [
          "draffy",
          "draffy"
        ],
        [
          "dreggy",
          "dreggy"
        ],
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ],
        [
          "troubled",
          "troubled"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "drēfan"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/droːf/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːf"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drof"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Water"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "English",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "word": "droff"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "drōf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English drōf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drōbī",
        "t": "disturbed, cloudy, troubled"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English drōf, from Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drove",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "10": "{{{3}}}",
        "11": "",
        "12": "{{{sup2}}}",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{1}}}",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{2}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{comp2}}}",
        "9": "",
        "f3l": "",
        "f5l": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "drof",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "drof",
      "name": "enm-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "dref"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Troubled, disturbed; afflicted by sorrow."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Troubled",
          "troubled"
        ],
        [
          "disturbed",
          "disturbed"
        ],
        [
          "sorrow",
          "sorrow"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "having sediment stirred up; murky, turbid."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "murky",
          "murky"
        ],
        [
          "turbid",
          "turbid"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(of water) having sediment stirred up; murky, turbid."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of water"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "drof"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "drōflīċ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "droff"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "drof"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "droff"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "drove"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "English",
          "lang_code": "en",
          "word": "droff"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle English",
      "lang_code": "enm",
      "word": "dref"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "inh": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*drōbī",
        "t": "disturbed, cloudy, troubled"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *drōbī (“disturbed, cloudy, troubled”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfne",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfne",
          "drofne#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfes",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfes",
          "drofes#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfre",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfre",
          "drofre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfes",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfes",
          "drofes#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfre",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfre",
          "drofre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfre",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfre",
          "drofre#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfa",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfa",
          "drofa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfa",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfa",
          "drofa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōf",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōf",
          "drof#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ang-adecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfa",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfa",
          "drofa#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfe",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfe",
          "drofe#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfan",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfan",
          "drofan#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfena",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfena",
          "drofena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfena",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfena",
          "drofena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfra",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfra",
          "drofra#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfena",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfena",
          "drofena#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "drōfum",
      "links": [
        [
          "drōfum",
          "drofum#Old_English"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drōf"
      },
      "expansion": "drōf",
      "name": "ang-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "drōf"
      },
      "name": "ang-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old English",
  "lang_code": "ang",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "drēfan"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old English adjectives",
        "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old English lemmas",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Old English/oːf",
        "Rhymes:Old English/oːf/1 syllable"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "draffy, dreggy, dirty, troubled"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "draffy",
          "draffy"
        ],
        [
          "dreggy",
          "dreggy"
        ],
        [
          "dirty",
          "dirty"
        ],
        [
          "troubled",
          "troubled"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/droːf/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-oːf"
    }
  ],
  "word": "drof"
}

Download raw JSONL data for drof meaning in All languages combined (12.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-07 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (e79dea5 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.